AI and the Environment: Energy, Water, and Ethical Concerns
Australian AI expert Professor Kate Crawford has raised alarms over the environmental impact of generative AI technologies like ChatGPT. According to her, each use of such AI systems consumes approximately half a liter of water due to the cooling demands of data centers, while also significantly increasing energy consumption. She argues that generative AI not only escalates energy usage but also exacerbates climate change challenges.
Rising Energy Demands
Crawford highlights that generative AI technologies use ten times more energy than traditional web searches, contributing to a threefold increase in the tech sector’s overall energy demands. She warns, “The energy consumption of generative AI today rivals that of a small country, and within a year, it could parallel Japan’s energy needs.”
Water Wastage in Data Centers
To maintain operations, data centers rely heavily on water for cooling, with much of it evaporating and being lost. “Each query to systems like ChatGPT is akin to pouring half a liter of water directly into the ground,” Crawford explained, underscoring the magnitude of wastage.
Call for Corporate Responsibility
Crawford urges tech giants to prioritize sustainable practices in AI development, stressing the urgency of creating environmentally responsible AI systems. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman has acknowledged this concern, emphasizing the need for breakthroughs in energy efficiency. Notably, Altman has invested in Helion Energy, a nuclear fusion company set to supply Microsoft with clean energy.
Australia’s Role in Setting Precedents
As a country grappling with climate change effects, Australia is positioned to lead with policies advocating transparency and sustainability in AI technology. A recent Australian Senate committee report reinforces the need for accountability among tech giants in reducing their environmental footprint.
Path Forward
Crawford and other experts argue that while AI holds potential for addressing climate challenges, immediate efforts must focus on reducing energy and water consumption. Emphasizing sustainable innovation, they believe, is key to aligning AI’s future with environmental priorities.
